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- 建立时间:2006-10-25
- 更新时间:2007-02-06
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L.A.M.P 环境部署详细步骤
2007-01-06 00:45:21
本文所用的操作系统为 CentOS 3.8，如果使用 Red Hat AS3/4 则不能使用 yum RPM 包管理命令！PHPChina 开源社区门户4PhbK c3Qal
推荐使用 CentOS 3.8 系统。
%|RD&f Yv Z/k!d0PHPChina 开源社区门户 b#e%] E)L6B4ATe
一、系统约定
PHPChina 开源社区门户$u] Xh f0S$tVg
二、系统环境部署及调整PHPChina 开源社区门户"Q"R7i%f(u,h+Na{
1. 检查系统是否正常PHPChina 开源社区门户yX'j l:W1Q!P`/v7~
# more /var/log/messages （检查有无系统内核级错误信息）PHPChina 开源社区门户5n*B@(y9C z d
# dmesg （检查硬件设备是否有错误信息）PHPChina 开源社区门户'~(f C9o?u
# ifconfig（检查网卡设置是否正确）
E+\H3R-H0 # ping www.163.com （检查网络是否正常）PHPChina 开源社区门户_O O3@;sG aF
4FQN[;oK02. 关闭不需要的服务PHPChina 开源社区门户+~ ^6^iZ fi
# ntsysv
f u^ a c'? s#H0 以下仅列出需要启动的服务，未列出的服务一律关闭：
m,z"`3U g0 crond
x K8U7`*\m x!K:x Q0 irqbalance （仅当服务器CPU为S.M.P架构或支持双核心、HT技术时，才需开启，否则关闭。）
6n%s:_ D7ZV W0 microcode_ctlPHPChina 开源社区门户f`J-p-k
network
6W G\)G gl |Hx0 randomPHPChina 开源社区门户 f g B-U u2D&@%|
sendmail
+~(\K p!I$w O0 sshd
jte0] o#n]5O0 syslogPHPChina 开源社区门户 sS|?p6g1KnDP B4Y
VPA#S(M:f3Id {03. 对TCP/IP网络参数进行调整，加强抗SYN Flood能力PHPChina 开源社区门户"|(| Ez1Xb
# echo 'net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1' >> /etc/sysctl.confPHPChina 开源社区门户 A"b)j f.gIl4X
# sysctl -pPHPChina 开源社区门户{[-k"S T-l
PHPChina 开源社区门户 B3X$l @ {9H0` z
4. 配置yum
jG"NP4l/r.r0 # rpm --import /usr/share/doc/centos-release-3/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-3PHPChina 开源社区门户Fs+B|G
# yum list | tee /etc/yum.listPHPChina 开源社区门户 } U"Bh M~j9p0J
PHPChina 开源社区门户)Z4]7O$@PV}D_a
5. 修改命令history记录
l0oY/C)IB(D"W7n0 # vi /etc/profile
#] Wu%x*BhYM:Z0 找到 HISTSIZE=1000 改为 HISTSIZE=50
Q9nr!y[H0PHPChina 开源社区门户.eN UZ t,m(f gwH
sz c b\$\Y8o0PHPChina 开源社区门户!tp F/qY},q+]
6. 定时校正服务器时间
4tYKc)]0V Z)Z0 # yum install ntpPHPChina 开源社区门户'KC:R7{)E i [
# crontab -e
4`L&n7IW}s0加入一行：PHPChina 开源社区门户s!| G7R z:J
*/15 * * * * ntpdate 210.72.145.44PHPChina 开源社区门户 Xn;D#v-o Y f
## 210.72.145.44 为中国国家授时中心服务器地址。PHPChina 开源社区门户$}-{p/f*wi1m.r&C
D!Qn M.]:}!b P-S+K07. 重新启动系统
/^8MQ0M ~J#WBl0 # init 6PHPChina 开源社区门户-U2P%o/}7c!Z
PHPChina 开源社区门户+UB ~~ x)mU}Q
8. 使用 yum 程序安装所需开发包（以下为标准的 RPM 包名称）PHPChina 开源社区门户7o7Yj3@,o ^b
gcc gcc-c++ gcc-g77 flex bison autoconf automake bzip2-devel zlib-devel ncurses-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel libtiff-devel freetype-devel pam-develPHPChina 开源社区门户Nb xD,su
$d.K Mt2b09. 源码编译安装所需包(Source)
6P Oo,w#j%M a6L0 (1) GD2PHPChina 开源社区门户 dA&p r Sc.nA K+~'_
# cd /usr/local/src
5Um n e:A O/U1wCxJ0 # wget http://download.discuz.net/env/gd-2.0.33.tar.gz
| o@/_(V:?0 # tar xzvf gd-2.0.33.tar.gzPHPChina 开源社区门户B8D qku$D4?7W["b
# cd gd-2.0.33PHPChina 开源社区门户;k7~_!W:B
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/gd2PHPChina 开源社区门户$C3e#ykd a+[r h
# make
F!r8d ^e {9`0 # make install
YG b {L H*H0WT{ ] a0
b_4Pvw K,F0 (2) LibXML2
3dJ#t1[5_S0 # cd /usr/local/srcPHPChina 开源社区门户)a/fM8b5m+L*F s6a!P
# wget http://download.discuz.net/env/libxml2-2.6.26.tar.bz2PHPChina 开源社区门户%z Ew6E;PAD(Y
# tar xjvf libxml2-2.6.26.tar.bz2PHPChina 开源社区门户 h5z+y4Q'y
# cd libxml2-2.6.26PHPChina 开源社区门户 z5R6^+Q)z p
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libxml2
Jb k ln Rx}0 # make
d%m*nx7w!U{0 # make installPHPChina 开源社区门户8{ O^Y:p;I8ST;o
P]4N7|-Zq"nXU0 (3) Apache日志截断程序
CKn u(D{QB0# cd /usr/local/src
y u2^!u ?5_+~n}0# wget http://download.discuz.net/env/cronolog-1.6.2.tar.gz
8K~b5t*d0# tar xzvf cronolog-1.6.2.tar.gzPHPChina 开源社区门户%](n t!@3of'O ~
# cd cronolog-1.6.2
GQ H@a0# ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/cronolog
r#L [| ?!] T0# makePHPChina 开源社区门户 }}:E k3G3}.zIT
# make install
8cO'sH'Z Wjp0PHPChina 开源社区门户"~ {'B eu ^ ~ ek R*f@'o
PHPChina 开源社区门户 Nxr)v^m-N
10. 升级OpenSSL和OpenSSHPHPChina 开源社区门户q(P mf X,A^H2X
# cd /usr/local/src
(T9K8D3s"N ~0 # wget http://download.discuz.net/env/openssl-0.9.7j.tar.gz
SXC K b0 # wget http://download.discuz.net/env/openssh-4.2p1.tar.gzPHPChina 开源社区门户)k"j lJu b$Y'DYJ
# tar xzvf openssl-0.9.7j.tar.gzPHPChina 开源社区门户4ZIM _ W#l#My+?
# cd openssl-0.9.7j
\ vS2?&Cy ?j0 # ./config --prefix=/usr/local/opensslPHPChina 开源社区门户[:nr7J,hr Du\ _#L
# makePHPChina 开源社区门户/]k!y/i#I\o4x
# make test
mDV*eG"e e AZz0 # make install
%|&J{ge(D0 # cd ..PHPChina 开源社区门户~2OX$A:RMG
# tar xzvf openssh-4.2p1.tar.gzPHPChina 开源社区门户i4w"M5[ @+y o Y6E
# cd openssh-4.2p1
yI2a ?W0# ./configure \PHPChina 开源社区门户3[W.`.CO x P(C
"--prefix=/usr" \
1w Tiscc#R c,? d0"--with-pam" \PHPChina 开源社区门户(Uu C W+i
"--with-zlib" \
7{ K}V&?]0"--with-ssl-dir=/usr/local/openssl" \
z;d5c?5W k XU0"--with-md5-passwords"PHPChina 开源社区门户&|Hp)r@S$H#|
# make
&@_O\ @ s T v0 # make installPHPChina 开源社区门户 xQ;Q Qq8j7A$lV
禁止root直接登录，此处先建立一个普通系统用户：PHPChina 开源社区门户-[&t-I rpM U
# useradd username
SA/] G%zS|0 # passwd usernamePHPChina 开源社区门户&M q#|j(A3U1sE
# echo 'Protocol 2' >> /etc/ssh/sshd_configPHPChina 开源社区门户-e0Wp4l EL+s(R}/\ };b
# echo 'Protocol 2' >> /usr/etc/sshd_configPHPChina 开源社区门户1FW`L A)Yq
# echo 'PermitRootLogin no' >> /etc/ssh/sshd_configPHPChina 开源社区门户)D:u:G)IgN"l
# echo 'PermitRootLogin no' >> /usr/etc/sshd_configPHPChina 开源社区门户Q$| h$ou
# /etc/rc.d/init.d/sshd restartPHPChina 开源社区门户YS cO'M|U}
PHPChina 开源社区门户t x:n/kY W
5t{8ic&k_+~m"]I0
;s6`iF"~ e w@Y0PHPChina 开源社区门户9T t EJ@ Mw \AW
三、编译安装L.A.M.P环境
^Im@ q cR7G8C7z;x01. 下载软件
6q{ rC2y2h` g0 # cd /usr/local/srcPHPChina 开源社区门户N^_6jt#b0I
# wget http://download.discuz.net/env/httpd-2.2.3.tar.bz2
;J O$O?]+Q2o j0 # wget http://download.discuz.net/env/mysql-5.0.27.tar.gz
$j||$V3p!NM;C0 # wget http://download.discuz.net/env/php-5.2.0.tar.bz2
4n+]%WQa0CL0# wget http://download.discuz.net/env/ZendOptimizer-3.2.0-linux-glibc21-i386.tar.gzPHPChina 开源社区门户R/D d%pK"O`
2. 编译安装MySQL
-Y7b D od)~*[:dQ0 # tar xzvf mysql-5.0.27.tar.gz
L/s$c4Iq iXf8p z0 # cd mysql-5.0.27PHPChina 开源社区门户p d6JZ:^9m\ n$c
# ./configure \
"gnaj}0 "--prefix=/usr/local/mysql" \PHPChina 开源社区门户 C M,k R A8g+p p7R
"--localstatedir=/var/lib/mysql" \
~:X8s O2pZ c0 "--with-comment=Source" \
Q9cb7}cH$W0 "--with-server-suffix=-Comsenz" \
0_*U3o%D,z1A:T0 "--with-mysqld-user=mysql" \
7w7{ r&q cGNR A0 "--without-debug" \PHPChina 开源社区门户8pc ~"ZSF5Z
"--with-big-tables" \PHPChina 开源社区门户X:`+x5V"G W6j'`
"--with-charset=" \PHPChina 开源社区门户7?7?-D;w9F pq%D y
"--with-collation= " \PHPChina 开源社区门户X \ C7Hn_qt
"--with-extra-charsets=all" \
+z-k"I(n&o)Z{!m pQ:[0 "--with-pthread" \PHPChina 开源社区门户4O!I q)^*i F:C
"--enable-static" \PHPChina 开源社区门户+K"pL)BI
"--enable-thread-safe-client" \PHPChina 开源社区门户EO C'`FK a
"--with-client-ldflags=-all-static" \
X"\*~?-}P8YH0V9p0 "--with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static" \
3zX]2w*H5`H)OB0 "--enable-assembler" \
q{ H lv0 "--without-isam" \PHPChina 开源社区门户 J1t~B-O K xS
"--without-innodb" \PHPChina 开源社区门户My%u"Gk&v `
"--without-ndb-debug"
~SF X P2AFnj0 # make
:n m m8~z;i/d3Kg&S0 # make install
#BYUD7xi(`#W l+l0# useradd mysql
a Q vi}H;gS[0 # cd /usr/local/mysql
0Z I`b6Lf^km0 # bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
w~wtpPy#UX0 # chown -R root:mysql .PHPChina 开源社区门户:g%sc7uP1O[
# chown -R mysql /var/lib/mysqlPHPChina 开源社区门户nP|B Rd'|#|?
# cp share/mysql/my-huge.cnf /etc/my.cnf
;m;cQT(gp d6\ Z0 # cp share/mysql/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
~Qd*Z iHvle5Zl0 # chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
*F c+P!s9t'P2|&k_,z4C0 # chkconfig --add mysqldPHPChina 开源社区门户;Bgo6pW@.B D
# /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld start
l*d3U7sm [7w%GZTI0# bin/mysql -u root password "password_for_root"
B-f$Q.|%?^ X0t _h0
I[:~4N2|"@/J03. 编译安装Apache
'O!J{)o-h:C%^$U/i0 # cd /usr/local/src
o G2~;s/? t0# tar xjvf httpd-2.2.3.tar.bz2PHPChina 开源社区门户 z'sHQ+q K8nM
# cd httpd-2.2.3PHPChina 开源社区门户 G*g*J$_ r I.U
# ./configure \
ss*Q;E,U8I5n;G0 "--prefix=/usr/local/apache2" \PHPChina 开源社区门户 j B [$](^A9u o
"--enable-module=so" \
/O&S'a ws|0YS$T0 "--enable-deflate=shared" \
A.lI ^H-q5U)O0 "--enable-expires=shared" \
^/| vM8M0 "--enable-rewrite=shared" \
P:AN&re'sD ~0 "--enable-static-support" \
2W-tvBz1u aIF0 "--enable-static-htpasswd" \PHPChina 开源社区门户 U C9F7H-}"^6i UH
"--enable-static-htdigest" \
k@7g|+I%\ s0 "--enable-static-rotatelogs" \
3E)eDy{ VC N?0 "--enable-static-logresolve" \PHPChina 开源社区门户.@O}4X'Z(?"v
"--enable-static-htdbm" \
pN lR OQ1n0 "--enable-static-ab" \
.O F V"b!LX2~0 "--enable-static-checkgid" \PHPChina 开源社区门户a4lGKTR?#[
"--disable-userdir"PHPChina 开源社区门户mMQIg
# make
g HZ5E8R0# make installPHPChina 开源社区门户@0w8R"m$t L3P
# echo '/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start ' >> /etc/rc.localPHPChina 开源社区门户"Gw xgN8X$q#q.x
f/KPl g'U%DS0
tVo7D%U:D kP04. 编译安装PHP
[ V(M` v'z-u:xL0 # cd /usr/local/srcPHPChina 开源社区门户 f vAA8L/QL
# tar xjvf php-5.2.0.tar.bz2
w9p&D4t._;Dn0 # cd php-5.2.0
p%c3t7uA,{ j0 # ./configure \PHPChina 开源社区门户 WgZ:q2`J%j(Z+J0|)D
"--prefix=/usr/local/php" \PHPChina 开源社区门户L t] I@I"Q;[6g C
"--with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs" \PHPChina 开源社区门户4je:]"xE{#GS
"--with-config-file-path=/etc" \PHPChina 开源社区门户 kA(wb!Hp8A
"--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql" \
:X p af i0 "--with-libxml-dir=/usr/local/libxml2" \PHPChina 开源社区门户y5h_Fe
"--with-gd=/usr/local/gd2" \
!D0VIZa O;_$T0 "--enable-gd-native-ttf" \
6[E \ MW@/`0 "--with-jpeg-dir" \PHPChina 开源社区门户 T o j'rU})In%G/W _
"--with-png-dir" \
&fN(JLC WZ"E a$L7y$G ^0 "--with-bz2" \PHPChina 开源社区门户 g;L&s8]B;mV:dv4w!d)}
"--with-freetype-dir" \PHPChina 开源社区门户 Hl7Zi6~
"--with-iconv-dir" \
2u C$o;S^c PM:S m0 "--with-zlib-dir" \
8_yGqbW0r j b0 "--enable-mbstring" \PHPChina 开源社区门户j Z1x Z C&x0}(Y
"--disable-ipv6" \ # IPv6 离我们还好远，暂时不用它PHPChina 开源社区门户'[X$J+t"n6JP
"--disable-cgi" \ # 出于安全考虑，禁用 CGI 支持
"L r2]:l!k\3Y!]LK0 "--disable-cli" # 出于安全考虑，禁止编译出 php Command Line Shell 命令
|]6E+gow:K!D0 # makePHPChina 开源社区门户\\1Q$\Aw4R-LsH&t s
# make installPHPChina 开源社区门户T R)qw)I Q
# cp php.ini-dist /etc/php.ini
yr3|P,@#E;J([Q0
B%z@Lt Vx05. 安装Zend OptimizerPHPChina 开源社区门户}lml"|.X&`rW
# cd /usr/local/srcPHPChina 开源社区门户J2OQ2Yg7m+k?
# tar xzvf ZendOptimizer-3.2.0-linux-glibc21-i386.tar.gzPHPChina 开源社区门户t{ a.O x
# ./ZendOptimizer-3.2.0-linux-glibc21-i386/install.shPHPChina 开源社区门户6^ ~x&]%O
安装Zend Optimizer过程的最后不要选择重启Apache。
r d j H'v#c+?+{^0PHPChina 开源社区门户5I*Z#dy%v'wY8b5t
6. 整合Apache与PHP
z y#do h'T9zr i0# vi /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.confPHPChina 开源社区门户\%`EghIA8^7X N
找到：
~1B8b*a a\ DsS0AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgzPHPChina 开源社区门户0r;F x7ct `/t_ cY W
在该行下面添加PHPChina 开源社区门户^+I)w1} P#O#Z^
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
cv9@#i1f0AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/html text/plain text/xmlPHPChina 开源社区门户5uZ6s9} \9Pn
.^$yRA'qeE@%@0找到：
(Cnm h]Y?q0<IfModule dir_module>
r4F&a8W {"W]\ ^)W0 DirectoryIndex index.html index.html.varPHPChina 开源社区门户s lj*M:BA/a-}Y
</IfModule>PHPChina 开源社区门户 q&s/O:QS
将该行改为
P"HsB5l jg,W j0<IfModule dir_module>PHPChina 开源社区门户|2H%D&@A Rjnkz
DirectoryIndex index.html index.htm index.phpPHPChina 开源社区门户|` Wr'Xd;im
</IfModule>PHPChina 开源社区门户/b8v5VbE$LF
PHPChina 开源社区门户C0c-wD1idVO)n
找到：PHPChina 开源社区门户L {*Pi!]9wr:@$@6Z9w
#Include conf/extra/httpd-mpm.conf
/i#Da m-CT7p+a#M#h0#Include conf/extra/httpd-info.conf
#KVK r&D q vJ(\0#Include conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.confPHPChina 开源社区门户s(\*D&o.s_ ^ }*c`8R
#Include conf/extra/httpd-default.confPHPChina 开源社区门户 ]"z0n7@l
去掉前面的“#”号，取消注释，设置相关的模块配置文件。
;d$w P5^`;I)QXL0PHPChina 开源社区门户!P*yLR,B RX
修改完成后保存退出。
d"h7vv7e cR%R3}0# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl restartPHPChina 开源社区门户 t Rn d0d4Mq(Cw Y
7. 查看确认L.A.M.P环境信息，提升 PHP 安全性
(P5vJ1b&o ^6Q2f2o0 # echo '#!/usr/local/php/bin/php \PHPChina 开源社区门户'e_9tF&~A
<?php \PHPChina 开源社区门户H Ap pDa
phpinfo(); \PHPChina 开源社区门户lN$X V~
?>' > /usr/local/php/phpinfo.php
3QS5Dp4J6~V-| j K-J k0 # chmod 755 /usr/local/php/phpinfo.phpPHPChina 开源社区门户}/g YJ[`M/@
# /usr/local/php/phpinfo.php > /usr/local/php/phpinfo
)e5H S2jseg5~Y0 # more /usr/local/php/phpinfoPHPChina 开源社区门户D"ZZ;F8Q4U)r
检查phpinfo中的各项信息是否正确。PHPChina 开源社区门户KD j0q F
|~J k4e v j{7r0 确认 PHP 能够正常工作后，在 php.ini 中进行设置提升 PHP 安全性。
X2hR ~&~C/O'm1hK!I0 # vi /etc/php.ini
.\P~b3|E~2j`0 找到：
(},qzIQ GU0 disable_functions =
\G Vu/cCO.jX0 设置为：
"p(snm.F~I0 disable_functions = phpinfo,passthru,exec,system,popen,chroot,escapeshellcmd,escapeshellarg,shell_exec,proc_open,proc_get_status,ini_restore
a b:O[~:f"F0PHPChina 开源社区门户 M @;nZt GI _
最后，重新启动 Apache 服务即可。 PHPChina 开源社区门户$r,y*T*i j
推荐使用 CentOS 3.8 系统。
%|RD&f Yv Z/k!d0PHPChina 开源社区门户 b#e%] E)L6B4ATe
一、系统约定
| 软件源代码包存放位置 `:h-Se r_0 |
/usr/local/src x pX!z IW Cg0 |
| 源码包编译安装位置(prefix)PHPChina 开源社区门户p3A7p l*{%U{v} |
/usr/local/software_namePHPChina 开源社区门户i"u;O EV3G |
| 脚本以及维护程序存放位置PHPChina 开源社区门户 t$YSB
\\r |
/usr/local/sbin 0kuh J!hG-P0 |
| MySQL 数据库位置PHPChina 开源社区门户\+c7F ~)M|HZ |
/var/lib/mysql *K'M~9NI:m/D0 |
| Apache 网站根目录PHPChina 开源社区门户&Ad#T5I"Z0u}
@[| |
/data/wwwrootPHPChina 开源社区门户1@rd B
LN[ |
| Apache 虚拟主机日志根目录PHPChina 开源社区门户 qV:c'u)o1C4vD |
/data/logs/www $xrz @:u0\ h0 |
| Apache 运行账户PHPChina 开源社区门户Er!hZXO P |
www:wwwPHPChina 开源社区门户9E7a R1NJ V`s |
| yum RPM包信息文件PHPChina 开源社区门户#G$uH3Sw V2j-j!e R |
/etc/yum.list }$} l)m;p.U o @'|pu\0 |
二、系统环境部署及调整PHPChina 开源社区门户"Q"R7i%f(u,h+Na{
1. 检查系统是否正常PHPChina 开源社区门户yX'j l:W1Q!P`/v7~
# more /var/log/messages （检查有无系统内核级错误信息）PHPChina 开源社区门户5n*B@(y9C z d
# dmesg （检查硬件设备是否有错误信息）PHPChina 开源社区门户'~(f C9o?u
# ifconfig（检查网卡设置是否正确）
E+\H3R-H0 # ping www.163.com （检查网络是否正常）PHPChina 开源社区门户_O O3@;sG aF
4FQN[;oK02. 关闭不需要的服务PHPChina 开源社区门户+~ ^6^iZ fi
# ntsysv
f u^ a c'? s#H0 以下仅列出需要启动的服务，未列出的服务一律关闭：
m,z"`3U g0 crond
x K8U7`*\m x!K:x Q0 irqbalance （仅当服务器CPU为S.M.P架构或支持双核心、HT技术时，才需开启，否则关闭。）
6n%s:_ D7ZV W0 microcode_ctlPHPChina 开源社区门户f`J-p-k
network
6W G\)G gl |Hx0 randomPHPChina 开源社区门户 f g B-U u2D&@%|
sendmail
+~(\K p!I$w O0 sshd
jte0] o#n]5O0 syslogPHPChina 开源社区门户 sS|?p6g1KnDP B4Y
VPA#S(M:f3Id {03. 对TCP/IP网络参数进行调整，加强抗SYN Flood能力PHPChina 开源社区门户"|(| Ez1Xb
# echo 'net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1' >> /etc/sysctl.confPHPChina 开源社区门户 A"b)j f.gIl4X
# sysctl -pPHPChina 开源社区门户{[-k"S T-l
PHPChina 开源社区门户 B3X$l @ {9H0` z
4. 配置yum
jG"NP4l/r.r0 # rpm --import /usr/share/doc/centos-release-3/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-3PHPChina 开源社区门户Fs+B|G
# yum list | tee /etc/yum.listPHPChina 开源社区门户 } U"Bh M~j9p0J
PHPChina 开源社区门户)Z4]7O$@PV}D_a
5. 修改命令history记录
l0oY/C)IB(D"W7n0 # vi /etc/profile
#] Wu%x*BhYM:Z0 找到 HISTSIZE=1000 改为 HISTSIZE=50
Q9nr!y[H0PHPChina 开源社区门户.eN UZ t,m(f gwH
sz c b\$\Y8o0PHPChina 开源社区门户!tp F/qY},q+]
6. 定时校正服务器时间
4tYKc)]0V Z)Z0 # yum install ntpPHPChina 开源社区门户'KC:R7{)E i [
# crontab -e
4`L&n7IW}s0加入一行：PHPChina 开源社区门户s!| G7R z:J
*/15 * * * * ntpdate 210.72.145.44PHPChina 开源社区门户 Xn;D#v-o Y f
## 210.72.145.44 为中国国家授时中心服务器地址。PHPChina 开源社区门户$}-{p/f*wi1m.r&C
D!Qn M.]:}!b P-S+K07. 重新启动系统
/^8MQ0M ~J#WBl0 # init 6PHPChina 开源社区门户-U2P%o/}7c!Z
PHPChina 开源社区门户+UB ~~ x)mU}Q
8. 使用 yum 程序安装所需开发包（以下为标准的 RPM 包名称）PHPChina 开源社区门户7o7Yj3@,o ^b
gcc gcc-c++ gcc-g77 flex bison autoconf automake bzip2-devel zlib-devel ncurses-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel libtiff-devel freetype-devel pam-develPHPChina 开源社区门户Nb xD,su
$d.K Mt2b09. 源码编译安装所需包(Source)
6P Oo,w#j%M a6L0 (1) GD2PHPChina 开源社区门户 dA&p r Sc.nA K+~'_
# cd /usr/local/src
5Um n e:A O/U1wCxJ0 # wget http://download.discuz.net/env/gd-2.0.33.tar.gz
| o@/_(V:?0 # tar xzvf gd-2.0.33.tar.gzPHPChina 开源社区门户B8D qku$D4?7W["b
# cd gd-2.0.33PHPChina 开源社区门户;k7~_!W:B
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/gd2PHPChina 开源社区门户$C3e#ykd a+[r h
# make
F!r8d ^e {9`0 # make install
YG b {L H*H0WT{ ] a0
b_4Pvw K,F0 (2) LibXML2
3dJ#t1[5_S0 # cd /usr/local/srcPHPChina 开源社区门户)a/fM8b5m+L*F s6a!P
# wget http://download.discuz.net/env/libxml2-2.6.26.tar.bz2PHPChina 开源社区门户%z Ew6E;PAD(Y
# tar xjvf libxml2-2.6.26.tar.bz2PHPChina 开源社区门户 h5z+y4Q'y
# cd libxml2-2.6.26PHPChina 开源社区门户 z5R6^+Q)z p
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libxml2
Jb k ln Rx}0 # make
d%m*nx7w!U{0 # make installPHPChina 开源社区门户8{ O^Y:p;I8ST;o
P]4N7|-Zq"nXU0 (3) Apache日志截断程序
CKn u(D{QB0# cd /usr/local/src
y u2^!u ?5_+~n}0# wget http://download.discuz.net/env/cronolog-1.6.2.tar.gz
8K~b5t*d0# tar xzvf cronolog-1.6.2.tar.gzPHPChina 开源社区门户%](n t!@3of'O ~
# cd cronolog-1.6.2
GQ H@a0# ./configure –prefix=/usr/local/cronolog
r#L [| ?!] T0# makePHPChina 开源社区门户 }}:E k3G3}.zIT
# make install
8cO'sH'Z Wjp0PHPChina 开源社区门户"~ {'B eu ^ ~ ek R*f@'o
PHPChina 开源社区门户 Nxr)v^m-N
10. 升级OpenSSL和OpenSSHPHPChina 开源社区门户q(P mf X,A^H2X
# cd /usr/local/src
(T9K8D3s"N ~0 # wget http://download.discuz.net/env/openssl-0.9.7j.tar.gz
SXC K b0 # wget http://download.discuz.net/env/openssh-4.2p1.tar.gzPHPChina 开源社区门户)k"j lJu b$Y'DYJ
# tar xzvf openssl-0.9.7j.tar.gzPHPChina 开源社区门户4ZIM _ W#l#My+?
# cd openssl-0.9.7j
\ vS2?&Cy ?j0 # ./config --prefix=/usr/local/opensslPHPChina 开源社区门户[:nr7J,hr Du\ _#L
# makePHPChina 开源社区门户/]k!y/i#I\o4x
# make test
mDV*eG"e e AZz0 # make install
%|&J{ge(D0 # cd ..PHPChina 开源社区门户~2OX$A:RMG
# tar xzvf openssh-4.2p1.tar.gzPHPChina 开源社区门户i4w"M5[ @+y o Y6E
# cd openssh-4.2p1
yI2a ?W0# ./configure \PHPChina 开源社区门户3[W.`.CO x P(C
"--prefix=/usr" \
1w Tiscc#R c,? d0"--with-pam" \PHPChina 开源社区门户(Uu C W+i
"--with-zlib" \
7{ K}V&?]0"--with-ssl-dir=/usr/local/openssl" \
z;d5c?5W k XU0"--with-md5-passwords"PHPChina 开源社区门户&|Hp)r@S$H#|
# make
&@_O\ @ s T v0 # make installPHPChina 开源社区门户 xQ;Q Qq8j7A$lV
禁止root直接登录，此处先建立一个普通系统用户：PHPChina 开源社区门户-[&t-I rpM U
# useradd username
SA/] G%zS|0 # passwd usernamePHPChina 开源社区门户&M q#|j(A3U1sE
# echo 'Protocol 2' >> /etc/ssh/sshd_configPHPChina 开源社区门户-e0Wp4l EL+s(R}/\ };b
# echo 'Protocol 2' >> /usr/etc/sshd_configPHPChina 开源社区门户1FW`L A)Yq
# echo 'PermitRootLogin no' >> /etc/ssh/sshd_configPHPChina 开源社区门户)D:u:G)IgN"l
# echo 'PermitRootLogin no' >> /usr/etc/sshd_configPHPChina 开源社区门户Q$| h$ou
# /etc/rc.d/init.d/sshd restartPHPChina 开源社区门户YS cO'M|U}
PHPChina 开源社区门户t x:n/kY W
5t{8ic&k_+~m"]I0
;s6`iF"~ e w@Y0PHPChina 开源社区门户9T t EJ@ Mw \AW
三、编译安装L.A.M.P环境
^Im@ q cR7G8C7z;x01. 下载软件
6q{ rC2y2h` g0 # cd /usr/local/srcPHPChina 开源社区门户N^_6jt#b0I
# wget http://download.discuz.net/env/httpd-2.2.3.tar.bz2
;J O$O?]+Q2o j0 # wget http://download.discuz.net/env/mysql-5.0.27.tar.gz
$j||$V3p!NM;C0 # wget http://download.discuz.net/env/php-5.2.0.tar.bz2
4n+]%WQa0CL0# wget http://download.discuz.net/env/ZendOptimizer-3.2.0-linux-glibc21-i386.tar.gzPHPChina 开源社区门户R/D d%pK"O`
2. 编译安装MySQL
-Y7b D od)~*[:dQ0 # tar xzvf mysql-5.0.27.tar.gz
L/s$c4Iq iXf8p z0 # cd mysql-5.0.27PHPChina 开源社区门户p d6JZ:^9m\ n$c
# ./configure \
"gnaj}0 "--prefix=/usr/local/mysql" \PHPChina 开源社区门户 C M,k R A8g+p p7R
"--localstatedir=/var/lib/mysql" \
~:X8s O2pZ c0 "--with-comment=Source" \
Q9cb7}cH$W0 "--with-server-suffix=-Comsenz" \
0_*U3o%D,z1A:T0 "--with-mysqld-user=mysql" \
7w7{ r&q cGNR A0 "--without-debug" \PHPChina 开源社区门户8pc ~"ZSF5Z
"--with-big-tables" \PHPChina 开源社区门户X:`+x5V"G W6j'`
"--with-charset=" \PHPChina 开源社区门户7?7?-D;w9F pq%D y
"--with-collation= " \PHPChina 开源社区门户X \ C7Hn_qt
"--with-extra-charsets=all" \
+z-k"I(n&o)Z{!m pQ:[0 "--with-pthread" \PHPChina 开源社区门户4O!I q)^*i F:C
"--enable-static" \PHPChina 开源社区门户+K"pL)BI
"--enable-thread-safe-client" \PHPChina 开源社区门户EO C'`FK a
"--with-client-ldflags=-all-static" \
X"\*~?-}P8YH0V9p0 "--with-mysqld-ldflags=-all-static" \
3zX]2w*H5`H)OB0 "--enable-assembler" \
q{ H lv0 "--without-isam" \PHPChina 开源社区门户 J1t~B-O K xS
"--without-innodb" \PHPChina 开源社区门户My%u"Gk&v `
"--without-ndb-debug"
~SF X P2AFnj0 # make
:n m m8~z;i/d3Kg&S0 # make install
#BYUD7xi(`#W l+l0# useradd mysql
a Q vi}H;gS[0 # cd /usr/local/mysql
0Z I`b6Lf^km0 # bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
w~wtpPy#UX0 # chown -R root:mysql .PHPChina 开源社区门户:g%sc7uP1O[
# chown -R mysql /var/lib/mysqlPHPChina 开源社区门户nP|B Rd'|#|?
# cp share/mysql/my-huge.cnf /etc/my.cnf
;m;cQT(gp d6\ Z0 # cp share/mysql/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
~Qd*Z iHvle5Zl0 # chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld
*F c+P!s9t'P2|&k_,z4C0 # chkconfig --add mysqldPHPChina 开源社区门户;Bgo6pW@.B D
# /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld start
l*d3U7sm [7w%GZTI0# bin/mysql -u root password "password_for_root"
B-f$Q.|%?^ X0t _h0
I[:~4N2|"@/J03. 编译安装Apache
'O!J{)o-h:C%^$U/i0 # cd /usr/local/src
o G2~;s/? t0# tar xjvf httpd-2.2.3.tar.bz2PHPChina 开源社区门户 z'sHQ+q K8nM
# cd httpd-2.2.3PHPChina 开源社区门户 G*g*J$_ r I.U
# ./configure \
ss*Q;E,U8I5n;G0 "--prefix=/usr/local/apache2" \PHPChina 开源社区门户 j B [$](^A9u o
"--enable-module=so" \
/O&S'a ws|0YS$T0 "--enable-deflate=shared" \
A.lI ^H-q5U)O0 "--enable-expires=shared" \
^/| vM8M0 "--enable-rewrite=shared" \
P:AN&re'sD ~0 "--enable-static-support" \
2W-tvBz1u aIF0 "--enable-static-htpasswd" \PHPChina 开源社区门户 U C9F7H-}"^6i UH
"--enable-static-htdigest" \
k@7g|+I%\ s0 "--enable-static-rotatelogs" \
3E)eDy{ VC N?0 "--enable-static-logresolve" \PHPChina 开源社区门户.@O}4X'Z(?"v
"--enable-static-htdbm" \
pN lR OQ1n0 "--enable-static-ab" \
.O F V"b!LX2~0 "--enable-static-checkgid" \PHPChina 开源社区门户a4lGKTR?#[
"--disable-userdir"PHPChina 开源社区门户mMQIg
# make
g HZ5E8R0# make installPHPChina 开源社区门户@0w8R"m$t L3P
# echo '/usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl start ' >> /etc/rc.localPHPChina 开源社区门户"Gw xgN8X$q#q.x
f/KPl g'U%DS0
tVo7D%U:D kP04. 编译安装PHP
[ V(M` v'z-u:xL0 # cd /usr/local/srcPHPChina 开源社区门户 f vAA8L/QL
# tar xjvf php-5.2.0.tar.bz2
w9p&D4t._;Dn0 # cd php-5.2.0
p%c3t7uA,{ j0 # ./configure \PHPChina 开源社区门户 WgZ:q2`J%j(Z+J0|)D
"--prefix=/usr/local/php" \PHPChina 开源社区门户L t] I@I"Q;[6g C
"--with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache2/bin/apxs" \PHPChina 开源社区门户4je:]"xE{#GS
"--with-config-file-path=/etc" \PHPChina 开源社区门户 kA(wb!Hp8A
"--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql" \
:X p af i0 "--with-libxml-dir=/usr/local/libxml2" \PHPChina 开源社区门户y5h_Fe
"--with-gd=/usr/local/gd2" \
!D0VIZa O;_$T0 "--enable-gd-native-ttf" \
6[E \ MW@/`0 "--with-jpeg-dir" \PHPChina 开源社区门户 T o j'rU})In%G/W _
"--with-png-dir" \
&fN(JLC WZ"E a$L7y$G ^0 "--with-bz2" \PHPChina 开源社区门户 g;L&s8]B;mV:dv4w!d)}
"--with-freetype-dir" \PHPChina 开源社区门户 Hl7Zi6~
"--with-iconv-dir" \
2u C$o;S^c PM:S m0 "--with-zlib-dir" \
8_yGqbW0r j b0 "--enable-mbstring" \PHPChina 开源社区门户j Z1x Z C&x0}(Y
"--disable-ipv6" \ # IPv6 离我们还好远，暂时不用它PHPChina 开源社区门户'[X$J+t"n6JP
"--disable-cgi" \ # 出于安全考虑，禁用 CGI 支持
"L r2]:l!k\3Y!]LK0 "--disable-cli" # 出于安全考虑，禁止编译出 php Command Line Shell 命令
|]6E+gow:K!D0 # makePHPChina 开源社区门户\\1Q$\Aw4R-LsH&t s
# make installPHPChina 开源社区门户T R)qw)I Q
# cp php.ini-dist /etc/php.ini
yr3|P,@#E;J([Q0
B%z@Lt Vx05. 安装Zend OptimizerPHPChina 开源社区门户}lml"|.X&`rW
# cd /usr/local/srcPHPChina 开源社区门户J2OQ2Yg7m+k?
# tar xzvf ZendOptimizer-3.2.0-linux-glibc21-i386.tar.gzPHPChina 开源社区门户t{ a.O x
# ./ZendOptimizer-3.2.0-linux-glibc21-i386/install.shPHPChina 开源社区门户6^ ~x&]%O
安装Zend Optimizer过程的最后不要选择重启Apache。
r d j H'v#c+?+{^0PHPChina 开源社区门户5I*Z#dy%v'wY8b5t
6. 整合Apache与PHP
z y#do h'T9zr i0# vi /usr/local/apache2/conf/httpd.confPHPChina 开源社区门户\%`EghIA8^7X N
找到：
~1B8b*a a\ DsS0AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgzPHPChina 开源社区门户0r;F x7ct `/t_ cY W
在该行下面添加PHPChina 开源社区门户^+I)w1} P#O#Z^
AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
cv9@#i1f0AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/html text/plain text/xmlPHPChina 开源社区门户5uZ6s9} \9Pn
.^$yRA'qeE@%@0找到：
(Cnm h]Y?q0<IfModule dir_module>
r4F&a8W {"W]\ ^)W0 DirectoryIndex index.html index.html.varPHPChina 开源社区门户s lj*M:BA/a-}Y
</IfModule>PHPChina 开源社区门户 q&s/O:QS
将该行改为
P"HsB5l jg,W j0<IfModule dir_module>PHPChina 开源社区门户|2H%D&@A Rjnkz
DirectoryIndex index.html index.htm index.phpPHPChina 开源社区门户|` Wr'Xd;im
</IfModule>PHPChina 开源社区门户/b8v5VbE$LF
PHPChina 开源社区门户C0c-wD1idVO)n
找到：PHPChina 开源社区门户L {*Pi!]9wr:@$@6Z9w
#Include conf/extra/httpd-mpm.conf
/i#Da m-CT7p+a#M#h0#Include conf/extra/httpd-info.conf
#KVK r&D q vJ(\0#Include conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.confPHPChina 开源社区门户s(\*D&o.s_ ^ }*c`8R
#Include conf/extra/httpd-default.confPHPChina 开源社区门户 ]"z0n7@l
去掉前面的“#”号，取消注释，设置相关的模块配置文件。
;d$w P5^`;I)QXL0PHPChina 开源社区门户!P*yLR,B RX
修改完成后保存退出。
d"h7vv7e cR%R3}0# /usr/local/apache2/bin/apachectl restartPHPChina 开源社区门户 t Rn d0d4Mq(Cw Y
7. 查看确认L.A.M.P环境信息，提升 PHP 安全性
(P5vJ1b&o ^6Q2f2o0 # echo '#!/usr/local/php/bin/php \PHPChina 开源社区门户'e_9tF&~A
<?php \PHPChina 开源社区门户H Ap pDa
phpinfo(); \PHPChina 开源社区门户lN$X V~
?>' > /usr/local/php/phpinfo.php
3QS5Dp4J6~V-| j K-J k0 # chmod 755 /usr/local/php/phpinfo.phpPHPChina 开源社区门户}/g YJ[`M/@
# /usr/local/php/phpinfo.php > /usr/local/php/phpinfo
)e5H S2jseg5~Y0 # more /usr/local/php/phpinfoPHPChina 开源社区门户D"ZZ;F8Q4U)r
检查phpinfo中的各项信息是否正确。PHPChina 开源社区门户KD j0q F
|~J k4e v j{7r0 确认 PHP 能够正常工作后，在 php.ini 中进行设置提升 PHP 安全性。
X2hR ~&~C/O'm1hK!I0 # vi /etc/php.ini
.\P~b3|E~2j`0 找到：
(},qzIQ GU0 disable_functions =
\G Vu/cCO.jX0 设置为：
"p(snm.F~I0 disable_functions = phpinfo,passthru,exec,system,popen,chroot,escapeshellcmd,escapeshellarg,shell_exec,proc_open,proc_get_status,ini_restore
a b:O[~:f"F0PHPChina 开源社区门户 M @;nZt GI _
最后，重新启动 Apache 服务即可。 PHPChina 开源社区门户$r,y*T*i j
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